Re: Gawril Kazarow per maqedonishten e vjeter (Tekst francez
Posted: Sat May 28, 2011 4:47 am
by Orakulli
Dhe ja 180 fjalet e tjera qe i kane rindertuar , ku perveç mosdijes dhe ngatereses me pa kuptim gjuhesore qe kam lexuar ndonjihere, ka edhe nacionalizem gjuhesor sllav te dukshem. Ç’lidhje ka gjuha Thrake me gjuhen bullgare, ruse, dhe sllavike. Ne se kane ndonji fjale prej te njejtes rrenje ka ardhur nepermjet shqipes-greqishtes se vjeter-latinishtes tek sllavishtja kishtare. Pra kane ardhur prej nje rruge tjeter dhe nuk jane fjale formime nji uniteti gjuhesor, te cilen gjuha sllavike nuk e ka, jane huazime prej dy qendrava gjuhesore Kishtare.
Pra gjithsej fjale te njohura behen:180+23=203 fjalë.
Pothuaj te gjitha jane janë gabim.
(1) achel- ‘water (noun), water (adj.)’ [Lith. H Ak l , Phryg. akala ‘water’].
(2) aiz- ‘a goat’ [Armen. aic, Greek aix].
(3) ala ‘current, stream’ [Latv. H Alaja, Lith. al 'ti ‘flooded’].
(4) alta(s) ‘current, stream’ [Illyrian RN Altus, Russ. (from Balt.) RN Al ta].
(5) an(a) ‘at, on’ [Avest. ana ‘along’, Greek aná ‘at, along’, Goth. ana ‘at, towards’].
(6) ang- ‘curved, twisting’ [Old-Ind. ancati ‘a curve’, Greek ankos ‘valley, abyss’].
(7) ant(i) ‘against’ [Old-Ind. ánti ‘against, nearby, the Lith. añt ‘towards, against’, Toch. nt ‘through’, Greek antí ‘against’, etc.].
(8) apa, aphus ‘water, river; a spring’ [Old-Pruss. ape ‘river’, apus ‘spring’, Old-Ind. p- ‘water’].
(9) apsa ‘aspen’ [Altin apse ‘aspen’, Old-Pruss. abse, Pol. osa (from Proto-Slavic *aps ), Old-HighGerman aspa ‘aspen’].
(10) arma ‘swamp, bog’ [Lith. arma ‘bog, puddle’, armuõ, -eñs ‘the same’].
(11) ars- ‘to flow; current, river’ [Old-Pruss. RN Arsio, Arse, Old-Ind. ár ati ‘to flow’, Hett. ar - ‘the same’].
(12) arta(s), arda(s) ‘current. river’ [Old-Ind. árdati ‘to flow’, Greek ard ‘to bedew’].
(13) arzas ‘white’ [Greek argós ‘white’, Toch. A rki-, B rkwi- ‘white’, Hett. kar-ki-is ‘white’].
(14) asa(s) ‘stone’, as(a)m ‘stony’ [Old-Ind. as’man ‘stone; heaven’, Avest. asman- ‘the same’, Pelasg. asáminthos (stone) bath’, Lith. akmuõ, -eñs ‘stone’].
(15) at ‘at, towards’ [Latv. ad ‘at, towards’, Old-Icel. at ‘at, opposite to’].
(16) ath- ‘high, steep coast, a hill’ [Greek akt ‘steep coast, peninsula, cape’].
(17) at(u) ‘current, stream’ [Latv. RN Adula, German Attel, Avest. adu- ‘current, stream, channel’].
(18) bebrus ‘beaver’ [Lith. bebrus ‘beaver’, Old-Pruss. b brus, Bulg. VN Bebrovo, Old-HighGerman bibar, etc.].
(19) bend- ‘to bind’ [Old-Ind. bándhana- ‘binding’, Avest. bandayaiti ‘to bind’, Goth, Anglo-Saxon bindan, German binden ‘to bind’].
(20) beras ‘brown, swarthy’ [Lith. b 'ras ‘brown’, Latv. b rs ‘the same’, Old-HighGerman bero ‘a bear’ (initially ‘brown’)].
(21) berga(s) ‘hill, bank’ [Old-Icel. berg ‘mountain’, Old-HighGerman berg, German Berg ‘mountain’, Old-Bulg. breg , New-Bulg. brjag ‘bank, coast’].
(22) berza(s) ‘birch’ [Lith. bér as, Latv. b rzs, dial. bêrza, Old-Pruss. berse, Russ. berëza, Bulg. breza ‘birch’].
(23) bredas ‘pasture-ground’ [Russ. bred, bredina ‘pasture’, bresti, bredu ‘to cross by a ford’, Balt. (Zhemait.) RN Bred-upja].
(24) brentas (brendas) ‘deer’ [Messap. bréndon ‘deer’].
(25) brink- ‘to swell’ [Lith. brìnkti [brìnkstu) ‘to swell’, Pol. na-brekac' ‘the same’].
(26) bruzas ‘quick’ [Lith. brù as ‘somebody who runs to and fro’, the Slavic *b rz , Bulg. br z].
(27) bur, buris (boris) ‘man’ [Alb. burrë ‘man’].
(28) burt- (burd-) ‘a ford’ [Slavic *brod , Bulg. brod ‘a ford’].
(29) b zas ‘a goat’ [Avest. b za- ‘a goat’].
(30) chalas ‘mud’ [Old-Bulg. kal , New-Bulg. kal ‘mud’, Czech kal ‘swamp; mud. soft soil’].
(31) dama ‘settlement, place for settling’ [Old-Ind. dh man- ‘place for dwelling’, Greek thaimós ‘house’].
(32) daphas ‘a flood’ [Lith. dãpas ‘a flood’, Norw. dial. dave ‘puddle, pool’].
(33) darsas (dersas) ‘brave, courageous’ [Old-Pruss. dyrsos (pl.) ‘able, brave’, Avest. dar yu- ‘brave, strong’].
(34) datan (datas) ‘place, settlement’ [Alb. datë ‘place, settlement].
(35) dentu- ‘clan, tribe’ [Latv. gens ‘clan, tribe’].
(36) desa(s), disa(s) ‘deity, god’ [Greek théos ‘god’].
(37) dinga ‘fertile ground’ [Latv. dinga ‘fertile place’, Old-Icel. dyngia ‘dunghill’].
(38) diza ‘fortress’ [Avest. uz-da za ‘a heaping, a fortification’, Old-Pers. did , New-Pers. diz, d z ‘fortress’].
(39) d n ‘place, country(side)’ [Old-Ir. d , Gen. don ‘place, country(side)’, Greek chth n ‘soil, land’].
(40) drenis ‘deer’ [Alb. Geg dre, dreni ‘deer’].
(41) dumas ‘dark’ [Lith. d 'mas ‘dark, dark brown (for cattle)’, Latv. d ms ‘dark brown’].
(42) d n- ‘hill, mountain’ [Anglo-Saxon d n hill, mountain’, German Düne ‘dune’].
(43) e(i)b- ‘to flow, to drip’ [Pelasg. eib ‘to drip, to flow (out)’].
(44) ermas ‘fierce, mad’ [Alb. jerm ‘furious, mad’].
(45) esvas (ezvas) ‘horse’ [Old-Ind. ás’va-h ‘horse’, Avest. aspa- ‘the same’, Latin equus, etc.].
(46) gaidrus ‘bright, clear’ [Lith. gaidrùs ‘bright, clear (cloudless)’, Greek phaidrós ‘shining, bright, cheerful’].
(47) gava(s) ‘county, countryside’ [Goth. gawi ‘county’, pre-Greek gaia, Att. g ‘land, region’].
(48) germas ‘warm, hot’ [Old-Ind. gharmá- ‘heat’, Armen. j^erm’warm’, Greek thermós ‘the same’].
(49) gesa ‘stork kingfisher’ [Old-Pruss. geeyse ‘kingfisher’, Latv. dz se ‘heron, kingfisher’].
(50) gin- ‘to languish, to spoil, to dry out’ [Old-Kurian Ginulle (a stream), Latv. g'nins ‘to spoil, to languish’].
(51) haimos (-on), *saimas (-an) ‘ridge, mountain chain’ [Old-Ind. simán- ‘ridge, boundary’, Irish s m ‘chain’].
(52) ida (ide) ‘tree; forest’ [Old-Ir. fid, Gen. fedo ‘tree, trees, forest’].
(53) iet(e)r (=jeter-) ‘quick, agile’ [Old-HighGerman tar ‘quick’, Latv. ãtrs ‘quick’].
(54) l(u)- ‘silt, mud’ [Greek lys, - os ‘mud, silt’, Church Slavic il ‘the same’].
(55) i ras (=j ras) ‘water, river’ [Lith. j 'ra ‘a sea’, Old-Nord. r ‘drizzle’].
(56) kaba(s) ‘bog, swamp’ [Engl. quab].
(57) kalas ‘district, border region’ [Lith. gãlas ‘end, border of a field, meadow or forest’, Latv. gals ‘neighbourhood’].
(58) kalsas ‘dry, dried up’ [Latv. kálst (-stu, -tu) ‘to dry up, to wither’].
(59) kapas ‘hill, slope’ [Latv. kãpa, kape ‘long mountain strip, dune, slope’, Lith. kopà ‘and hill, dune’].
(60) kel(l)a ‘a spring’ [Old-HighGerman quella, German Quelle ‘a spring’].
(61) kenthas ‘a child, descendant’ [Latv. re-cens ‘fresh, young, new’, with another suffix in the New-Bulg chedo ‘a child’].
(62) kersas ‘black’ [Lith. kér as ‘on black and white spots’, Bulg. cheren ‘black’, Old-Ind. krsná ‘black, dark’].
(63) ketri-, ketre- ‘four’ [Greek tetra ‘four’, Cymr. pedry- ‘four-fold’, Lith. keturì, Latv. etri, Bulg. etiri ‘four’].
(64) kik- ‘live, agile’ [Anglo-Saxon cwicu, Old-Nord. kvikr, kykr ‘live, agile’, Engl. quick].
(65) kiri- [or kira] ‘mountain’, ‘forest’ [Old-Ind. girí-h ‘mountain’, Avest. gairi- ‘the same’, Lith. girià, gìre ‘forest, wood’. Latv. dzi a ‘forest’].
(66) knisa(s) ‘eroded place’ [Lith. knìsti ‘to dig’].
(67) kupsela ‘a heap, a hillock’ [Lith. kups lis ‘heap, hillock’].
(68) kurp- ‘to burrow’ [Lith. ku pti (-iù) ‘to burrow’, Russ. korpat’ ‘to burrow’].
(69) kurta ‘groove, wood’ [Old-Pruss. korto ‘groove’ from the Baltic *kurt ].
(70) laza (-as) ‘clearing (in forest), glade’ [Serbo-Croat läz ‘clearing’, Russ. laz ‘animal pathway to a river (lake)’, lazina ‘clearing’].
(71) lingas ‘depression, meadow’ [Lith. lénge ‘low land’, PN Linge, Bulg. long ‘meadow’].
(72) mar- ‘water, river, bog’ [Anglo-Saxon merisc ‘swamp’, Old-Icel. mørr ‘swampy country’].
(73) marka ‘bog; swampy country’ [Lith. markà ‘a pit for steeping flax or hemp’, Ukrain. morokva ‘bog’].
(74) melda(s) ‘marshy reed’ [Lith. meldà, méldas ‘marsh reed’, Latv. meldi ‘reed’, Old-HighGerman melta].
(75) m r- ‘large, great’ [Church Slavic personal name Vladi-mer , Old-HighGerman Volk-m r, Hlodo-m r, Old-Icel. m r ‘big’].
(76) mez na ‘a horseman’ [Alb. mes, mezi ‘stallion’, Roman. (substrat) mînz ‘stallion’].
(77) muka ‘seed, clan, posterity’ [Iran. muka- in the Osset. mugæ ‘family’, muggag ‘seed, clan’].
(78) mukas ‘swampy country, a bog’ [Latv. muka ‘swamp, where one can sink’, mukls ‘swampy’, Lith. RN M k ].
(79) musas ‘moss, mould’ [Old-HighGerman, Anglo-Saxon mos ‘moss, swamp’, German Moss ‘moss’, Church-Slav. m h ‘moss’, Lith. musai, pl. ‘mould on yoghourt’].
(80) nest- ‘rumbling, roaring’ [Old-Ind. nádati ‘to rumlble, to roar’, nadi- ‘river, current’].
(81) stas ‘river mouth’ [Lith. úostas, uostà ‘river mouth; a port’, Latv. uosts-, uosta ‘the same’, Latin stium ‘river mouth’, Old-Bulg. uostije ‘the same’].
(82) pa(i)vis ‘child, son’ [Greek Homer pavis, Att. paus, pais].
(83) paisa(s) ‘soot’ [Lith. pai ai ‘soot’].
(84) pala ‘swamp, bog’ [Lith. pãlios, pl. ‘big swamp. bog’, Latv. pa as, pa i ‘swampy banks of a lake’, Latin palus ‘lake’].
(85) palma ‘swamp, bog’ [from pala with the suffix -m ].
(86) pan(i) ‘swamp, quagmire, peat-bog’ [Old-Pruss. pannean ‘quagmire’, Goth. fani ‘silt’, etc.].
(87) para, phara ‘settlement, village’ [from the IE *(s)por as ‘village’].
(88) pauta(s) ‘foam’ or ‘foaming’ [Old-Pruss. RN Pauta, Lith. putà ‘foam’, putóti ‘to foam’, Latv. putas ‘foam’].
(89) per ‘boy, son’ [Lat. puer ‘child, boy, son’].
(90) per(u)- ‘a rock’ [Hett. peruna- ‘a rock’, Old-Ind. párvata- ‘mountain’].
(91) p s ‘boy, child’ [Greek paus, pais ‘child’, Cypr. pas ‘the same’].
(92) piza(s) ‘bog, meadow’ [Latv. p sa ‘deep swamp’, Greek p sea, pl. ‘damp places, meadow’].
(93) pras- (resp. *praus-) ‘to wash, to splash, to bedew’ [Lith. pra sti ‘to wash, to sprinkle’, Latv. prauslat ’to splash, to besprinkle’, Old-Ind. prusn 'ti ‘to splash’].
(94) puis, pus, pys ‘child, son’ [-pu(i)s = Greek Att. paus ‘child, son’].
(95) pupa ‘beans’ or ‘hill’ (?) [Lith. pupà ‘beans’ or Alb. pupë ‘hill’].
(96) pura- ‘maize, spelt’ [Greek pyrós ‘maize’, Lith. p rai ‘winter maize’, Church Slavic p iro ‘spelt’].
(97) purda ‘swampy, damp place’ [Latv. purdu i ‘a snivel’, Greek pardakos ‘damp, wet’].
(98) puris, poris, por, pyris, pyros, pyr ‘son, boy’ [Latin pure ‘child, boy, son’ in Latin PN Marci-por, Nae-por, li-por, Etr. nei-pur, naei-purs].
(99) pus, pys ‘child, son’ - see puis.
(100) pusinas ‘spruce forest, pine forest’ [Lith. pu nas ‘spruce forest’ from pu ìs ‘pine, spruce’].
(101) putras ‘bawler, squaller, babbler’ [Old-Latv. personal name Putre, Latv. putruôt, putrât ‘to cry, to speak fast’].
(102) raimas ‘motley’ [Lith. ráimas ‘motley, particoloured’].
(103) raka(s) ‘eroded place, a gully’ [Lith. ràkti ‘to burrow’].
(104) ramus ‘quiet, calm’ [Lith. ramùs ‘quiet’, Old-Ind. rámate ‘to stay quiet, to rest’].
(105) raskus ‘quick, agile, live’ [Old-HighGerman rasc ‘quick’, German rasch ‘the same’, Engl. rash].
(106) rera ‘stones, stony ground’ (from an earlier *lera) [Alb. lerë, -a ‘stones, fallen stones’].
(107) r zas (resas) ‘king’ [Latin rex ‘king’, Old-Ind. raj- ‘the same’].
(108) ring- (rink-) ‘quick, skillful’ [Old-HighGerman (ge)-ringi ‘light’, Middle-German ge-ringi ‘light. quick’, Greek rhimpha ‘quickly, skillfully’].
(109) rudas ‘red, reddish’ [Lith. RN Rùd-up , adj. rùdas ‘(red-) brown, reddish’, Latv. ruds ‘reddish’].
(110) rumba(s) ‘edge; rapids’ [Lith. ru bas ‘periphery’, Latv. ru ba ‘waterfall, rapids’].
(111) r s-a (-as, -is) ‘a pit’ or rus- ‘slowly flowing’ [Old-Pruss. PN Russe (a village and a swamp), Lith. r s s (and rúsas) ‘potatoe’s pit; hut’, Latv. r sa ‘pit; or the Litv. rus 'ti ‘to flow slowly’].
(112) sabazias ‘free’ [Old-Bulg. svobod ‘free’].
(113) saldas (instead of *zaldas) ‘golden’ [Old-Bulg. zlato (from the Proto-Slavic *z lt ) ‘gold (noun)’ , New-Bulg. zlato ‘gold’, zlaten ‘golden’].
(114) sara ‘current, stream’ [Old-Ind. sar ' ‘river, stream’].
(115) sartas ‘light-red’ [Lith. sa tas ‘light-red (for horses)’, Latv. sarts ‘red’].
(116) satras (satrus) ‘live, quick, agile’ (?) [Lith. atrùs ‘live, quick, agile, row’].
(117) saut-is (-as) ‘lazy’ [Latv. sautis ‘lazy man, who sleeps all the time’].
(118) sei(e)tuva ‘deep place in the river’ [Lith. sietuvà ‘deep place in the river’].
(119) seina(s) ‘village, settlement’ [Armen. n, Gen. sini ‘village’, Greek Rhod. kroina ‘residence’].
(120) s kas ‘grass, greenery; hay’ [Lith. 'kas ‘recently mowed down grass’, Old-Ind. s' ka- ‘vegetable’].
(121) sem(e)la (= zeml’a) ‘land, earth’ [Old-Bulg. zemlja, Russ. zemlja, Lith. zeme, Latv. zeme].
(122) serma, sermas ‘current, stream’ [Old-Ind. sárma-h ‘current’, Lith. RN Sérmas].
(123) siltas ‘warm, pleasant’ [Lith. i tas ‘warm, pleasant’, Latv. sìlts ‘warm’, Cymr. clyd ‘warm, warming’].
(124) sind(u)- ‘river’ [Old-Ind. sindhu- ‘river’, Old-Pers. hindus ‘the same’].
(125) singas ‘low land, depression’ [Goth. sigqan, Old-HighGerman sinkan, German sinken ‘to sink, to collapse’].
(126) skaivas ‘left’ [Greek skaiós ‘left’, Latin scaevus ‘the same’].
(127) skalp- ‘to beetle, to hit’ [Lith. ska bti (-biù, -bia ) ‘to beetle, to dolly (for laundry)’].
(128) skaplis ‘axe’ [Lith. skãplis ‘axe’].
(129) skapt- ‘to dig’ [Lith. skaptúoti ‘to cut, to carve (in wood)’, Greek skápto ‘to dig’].
(130) skaras (-is) ‘quick’ [Old-Bulg. skor , Russ. skor j ‘quick’, etc. (Proto-Slavic *skar )].
(131) skarsas ‘transverse, slanting’ [the Greek en-kársios, epi-kársis ‘curved, bent, transverse’, Lith. ske sas ‘transverse, oblique].
(132) skilas ‘quick, impetuous’ [Lith. skìlti ‘set fire’ and ‘run mad’]
(133) skreta ‘circle, circumference’ [Lith. skret ' ‘a (round) disk’, skrìt ‘circumference’].
(134) skumbr-as (or -is) ‘hill, mountain’ [Lith. kumbr s, ku bris ‘hillock, hill, mountain peak, small mountain’].
(135) spinda(s) ‘clearing (in the forest)’ [Lith spiñdis ‘clearing in the forest’].
(136) stra (from an earlier *strava) ‘current, torrent’ [Lith. sravà ‘current’, Latv. strava ‘current, torrent’].
(137) strambas ‘stubble-field’ [Old-Pruss. strambo ‘stubble-field’, the Latv. strùobs ‘a spray, a stem, a straw’ ].
(138) strum , strum n ‘current, river’ [Old-HighGerman stroum, German Strom ‘current’ river’, Lith. sraumuõ, -eñs ‘fast current’, sr ti (sr vù, dial. sr nù) ‘to fill with water’ and ‘to flow, to outflow the banks (for a river)’].
(139) str na ‘current, river’ [Lith. sriti ‘to fill with water, to outflow’].
(140) stur(ia) ‘country, countryside’ [Old-Bulg strana (Proto-Slavic *st rn ) ‘country’, Bulg. pro-stor ‘expanse, space’].
(141) suchis, sukis, suku(s) (-os) ‘girl’, resp. ‘boy, juvenile’ [Cymr. hogen ‘girl’, hogyn ‘boy, lad’, Lith. s nùs ‘son’, Old-Bulg. s in ‘son’, etc.].
(142) suka ‘a crack, a gorge, a pass’, [Lith. ùk ‘a gap, a crack’].
(143) sula ‘groove’ [Greek h le ‘forest, groove’].
(144) sunka ‘sap, fluid’ [Lith. sunkà ‘sap (of a tree); fluid’].
(145) sura (zura) ‘current, stream’ [Old-Ind. sir ' ‘current. stream’].
(146) suras ‘strong, brave; a hero’ [Old-Ind. s 'ra-h ‘a hero, a warrior’, Avest. s 'ra- ‘brave, courageous; a hero’].
(147) suras ‘salty, bitter’ [Lith. s 'ras ‘salty’, Latv. s rs ‘salty, bitter, sour’].
(148) svit- ‘to shine, to twinkle’ [Lith. vit 'ti ‘to shine, to twinkle’, Old-Bulg. sv teti sia) ‘to shine’].
(149) tarpas, terpas ‘a gap, a crack’ [Lith. tárpas, térp ‘an interstice, a crack’, Proto-Slavic *tarp ‘a pit, a ditch’].
(150) taru- ‘spear’ [Greek dóry ‘tree’ and ‘spear’, Hett. ta-ru- ‘tree, trees’, Old-Ind. dáru- ‘tree’].
(151) thin- ‘to hold, to carry’ [Latin tene , -ere ‘to hold’].
(152) thurd- ‘to crash, to collapse’ [Old-HighGerman sturzen, German stürzen ‘to overthrow, to fall’].
(153) tirsas ‘thicket’ [Lith. ti tis ‘density, thickness’ and ‘thicket, brush-wood’, ti ti (ti tù) ‘to thicken’].
(154) titha ‘light, radiance’ [Greek tit ' ‘morning glow; morning, day’, Alb. ditë ‘day’].
(155) tranas ‘rotting’ [Lith. RN Tran s, tren 'ti ‘to rot, to decompose’].
(156) traus- ‘to break, to crumble’ [Lith. trau ti ‘to break, to crumble’, tra us ‘brittle’, the Latv. trauss, trausls ‘brittle, fragile’, Old-Russ. troh ‘lazy; sad’].
(157) tund- 1. ‘to push, to knock’; 2. ‘river’ [1. Latin tund , -ere ‘to push, to knock’, Old-Ind. tundat ‘to push’. 2. Old-Icel. þund ‘river’].
(158) tuntas ‘a flock, a flight; a heap’ [Lith. tuñtas ‘a flock, a flight; a heap, a pile’].
(159) turm- ‘a run, a flight’ [Old-Ind. drámati ‘to run’, Greek drómos ‘a run’].
(160) udra(s) ‘otter’ [Old-Ind. udrá-h ‘water animal’, Avest. udra- ‘otter’, Greek hy’dros, Old-HighGerman ottar, Lith. údra, Bulg. vidra ‘otter’].
(161) udr nas ‘water, aquatic’ [Greek hydrinós ‘referring to water, water’, án-ydros ‘waterless’].
(162) kas ‘mist; misty, turbid’ [Lith. kas ‘a mist; clouding; fume, vapour’, 'kanas ‘cloudy, turbid’].
(163) upa ‘river’ [Lith. ùp ‘river’, Latv. upe ‘river, stream’].
(164) urda(s) ‘stream’ [Lith. urdul s ‘(mountain) stream, pool’, Latv. urdavi a ‘stream’].
(165) usku- ‘water; aquatic, marshy’ [Old-Ir. u(i)sce ‘water’, Old-Cymr uisc, Irish esc ‘water, bog, swamp’].
(166) ut- ‘water, river’ [Old-Ind. ud-án- ‘water’, Greek hydos ‘the same’].
(167) vair-as (-us) ‘spinning’ [Lith. vairùs, vairas ‘spinning’, Swed. v rr ‘a spiral’].
(168) varpasas ‘whirlpool’ [Latv. v rpats ‘whirlpool’, the Lith. varp ti (-pau, -piau) ‘to dig, to burrow’].
(169) veger- (resp. *veker-) ‘damp; to bedew’ or ‘haymowing’ [Dutch wak ‘damp’, Latv. vedzere etc.].
(170) veleka(s) ‘place for washing’ [Lith. vel kles ‘a place, used for washing’, vel 'ti ‘to wash (with a paddle)’].
(171) ver- ‘to spring, to issue’ [Lith. vírti (vérdu, viria ) ‘to boil, to bubble’, the Old-Bulg. v reti v rion ‘to spring, to boil’].
(172) verza(s) ‘a barrier used for fishing; dam’ [Latv. varza ‘dam’].
(173) zbel- (from an initial *zibel-) ‘shining; a thunderbolt, a lightning’ [Latv. zibele ‘shining’, zibelêt ‘to flash, to twinkle, to shine’].
(174) zburul- ‘light (noun); shining’ [Lith. ibur s ‘light’ (noun)’].
(175) zelmis ‘an offspring, descendant’ [Lith. elmuõ, -eñs ‘plant’ and ‘an offspring’].
(176) zenis, zen s ‘born, born in’ [=genes in the Greek personal name of Dio=génes, from the IE *gen’- ‘to give birth’ in the Old-Latin geno ‘to produce, to give birth’].
(177) z ri- (from an earlier *zv ri-) ‘an animal, a beast’ [Lith. v ris ‘a beast’, Old-Bulg. zver ‘the same’, Greek th r].
(178) zi- ‘god’ [shortened from ziu-, zia- and similar, Greek Zeus].
(179) zilas ‘grey, turned grey’ or ‘blue’ [Lith. ìlas ‘grey-haired’, Latv. zils, zil ‘blue’].
(180) zilma(s) ‘greenery’ [Latv. zelme ‘green grass or wheat’].
(181) zum-, zuml- ‘dragon’ [Old-Bulg zm i ‘dragon’, zm ia ‘snake’].
(182) zvaka(s) ‘bright, white’ [Lith. vãk ‘light (noun)’].