
ja edhe svastika simbol i diellit

Pikërisht!Arbëri wrote:Këtu mesa e kuptoj unë , termi HELEN përdoret si një kulturë sikruse sot vendet e perëndimit e jo si etni ??
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"The Helenistic age has one great advantage for us: it is easily definable. Its unity was first perceived, its limits set, even its name invented, by the Nineteenth century German historian Johann Gustav Droysen.
For him, as for most subsequent students of the period, it began with the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, continued through the rise, declina and fall of the great kingdoms carved by his marshals (known as the Diadochoi or "successors") from the empire he left, and ended with Octavian's dissolution of the last of these, Ptolomeic Egypt in 30 BC, just under three centuries later.
This is modern perspective: it is highly doubtful whether any ancient writer, from the Augustian age onwards, ever recognized the problem in these terms. Rome's triumph encouraged an innate natural tendency to take short views.
It follows that to attempt a historical survey of the Hellenistic period means, in effect, writing a history of the Greek world, the oikonmene, durin that period: no only of the Greek-speaking cities and states (as opposed to those that merely employed the vernacular Attic koine as a lingua franca), but also of thise far larger areas, profoundly alien in speech and culture to the Greek spirit, that were forcibly taken over, and in a very real sense exploited, by foreign overlords: Greek, Macedonian, and later, Roman.*
It became clear to me during my researches that the degree to which the Greek-Macedonian diaspora spread its much vaunted culture, its reasons for doing so, and the audience it reached, especially in the East, had been in ways badly misunterpreted. Thus one of my objects in writing the present work is to draw a more realistic picture of the impact, nature, and limitations of this diffusion.
I must state plainly at the outset that I regard the whole notion of a conscious, idealistic missionary propagation in conquered territories of Greek culture, mores, literature, art, and religion -- much less the undertaking of such conquests, whether of Alexander himself or any of his successors, with this alterior end in view -- as a pernicious myth, compounded by anachronistic Christian evangelism and Plutarch-inspired wishful thinking, and designed (whether consciously or not) to provide moral justification for what was, in essence, despite its romantic popularity, large scale economic and imperial exploitation.
Edward Will points out how much the prewar attitude of Hellenistic imperialism was conditioned by "la bonne conscience", and to what extent "le choc de la decolonisation nous a fait prendre conscience de ce qu'etaient les realites coloniales," with a very similar impact on the thinking of the hellenistic historian. ..."
Ky autor ka nje cikel te tere, me libra per maqedonine dhe Aleksandrin. Qasja e tij eshte pak "greko-romake":Gjeta11 wrote:Sapo perfundova së lexuari, ne gjuhe te huaj, (pjesen e pare) romanin historik, shkruar nga Valerio Massimo Manfredi, Aleksandri-oguri(fati) i birit, ose ne origjinal "Alexandros-il figlio del songo", ne suedisht: "Alexander -Ödets son". Nuk di a është botuar ky roman ne shqip, por nëse jo eshte dem i madh dhe kush nuk e ka lexuar do ta këshilloja ta lexoj gjithësesi, e unë që nesër do të kërkojë në biblioteken e qytetit pjesën e dyte të romanit!
Nuk dua të hyjë në spjegimin e romanit dhe në as vleresimin e tij, por të paktën nga ana historike tashmë kam një paqyrë të qartë për Maqedonin e fortë të Filipit dhe raportet maqedonase, greke, epirote dhe ilirike në atë kohë. Autori le të kuptohet se maqedonasit nuk ishin grek, Maqedonasit dhe epirotet kishin më shumë se raporte miqësore mes tyre, permenden edhe iliret..., Aristoteli ishte jo grek, ai kishte prejeardhjen maqedonase. Autori le të kuptohet se, pas vrasjes së Filipit, Aleksandri shpejtë e stabilizon shtetin e tij dhe bëhet gati për ta invaduar Azinë, ndërsa para se ta bëjë këtë takohet me Aleksandrin, mbretin e Epirit, si miq, fqinj, por më shumë si vëllezër dhe merren vesh që Ushtria e Maqedonisë, në krye me Aleksandrin, të invadojë në Azi, ndërsa Ushtria E Epirit, në krye me Aleksandrin, mbretin e Epirit ta mësyj perendimin...Maqedonia dhe Epiri le të kuptohet se ishin shtetet më të fuqishme të asaj kohe, shtete aleate dhe më shumë se aleate...!
Man, past and presentand the Albanians 1 ,
direct descendants of the ancient Illyrians, still hold
T*hp
their ground and keep alive the last echoes of the Albanians,
old Illyrian language, which was almost certainly a
proto-Aryan form of speech probably intermediate, as above-
mentioned, between the Italic and Hellenic branches. They even
retain the old tribal system, so that there are not only two main
sections, the northern Ghegs and the southern Toshks, but each
section is divided into a number of minor groups 2 , such as the
Malliesors (Klementi, Pulati, Hoti, etc.) and Mirdites (Dibri,
Fandi, Matia, etc.) in the north, and the Toxides (whence Toshk)
and the Yapides (Lapides) in the south. The southerners are
mainly Orthodox Greeks, and in other respects half-Hellenized
Epirotes,